avelumab + abiraterone + enzalutamide

This refers to a combination therapy regimen evaluated in a phase 2, open-label clinical trial (NCT03770455) led by Dr. Jodi Layton at the Tulane School of Medicine. The study investigated the efficacy of adding the PD-L1 inhibitor avelumab to existing second-generation androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)—specifically abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide—in African American men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Avelumab is a human monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction between Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptors, thereby potentially restoring the immune system's ability to detect and destroy cancer cells. Abiraterone is a small molecule inhibitor of CYP17A1, which blocks androgen synthesis, while enzalutamide is a small molecule androgen receptor antagonist. The trial was specifically designed to address the lack of clinical activity of immunotherapy in this patient population; however, results indicated that the addition of avelumab did not provide significant clinical benefit, leading to the termination of the study.

Brand names

BavencioZytigaXtandi

Other names

abiraterone + enzalutamide-Jodi Layton, MD-prostate cancer (metastatic castration-resistant)Avelumab plus second-generation ADTAvelumab + AbirateroneAvelumab + Enzalutamide