axatilimab + retifanlimab + cyclophosphamide

Axatilimab + retifanlimab + cyclophosphamide is an investigational chemo-immunotherapy combination regimen being evaluated for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and inflammatory breast cancer. The combination consists of axatilimab (SNDX-6352), a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) to deplete or reprogram immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages; retifanlimab (INCMGA00012), a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor to enhance anti-tumor T-cell response; and low-dose oral cyclophosphamide, an alkylating agent used here for its potential immunomodulatory effects, such as depleting regulatory T cells. This approach, spearheaded by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, aims to overcome immune resistance in aggressive breast cancer subtypes by simultaneously targeting multiple pathways within the tumor microenvironment.