azvudine + lopinavir + ritonavir

Azvudine + lopinavir + ritonavir is a combination therapy consisting of three antiviral drugs: **azvudine**, **lopinavir**, and **ritonavir**. Azvudine is a dual-target nucleoside analog that primarily acts as an inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), originally developed for treatment of HIV and later conditionally approved in China for the oral treatment of COVID-19. It reduces viral replication by interfering with viral RNA synthesis. Lopinavir and ritonavir are both protease inhibitors, with ritonavir mainly serving to boost the plasma levels of lopinavir by inhibiting the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), thereby slowing lopinavir metabolism and allowing effective antiviral concentrations. This triple combination has been explored for their potential synergistic antiviral effects, particularly in the context of COVID-19 and HIV infections[7][2][3][6].