Bacteroides uniformis capsular polysaccharide

Bacteroides uniformis capsular polysaccharide (also known as zwitterionic capsular polysaccharide or ZPS) is a bacterial polysaccharide derived from the gut commensal Bacteroides uniformis. It acts as an immunomodulator that activates natural killer (NK) cells to restrain colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and enhance the efficacy of immunotherapies, such as anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1/PD-L1. Mechanistically, the polysaccharide binds to Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) on the surface of NK cells, triggering an antitumor program via the adaptor protein FcεRIγ and downstream NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways. This activation upregulates chemokine receptors (CXCR3, CCR5) and enhances the expression of cytotoxic effectors like granzyme B and perforin.

Other names

B. uniformis capsular polysaccharideB. uniformis capsular polysaccharide ZPSB. uniformis zwitterionic capsular polysaccharideZPSzwitterionic capsular polysaccharide