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BAM8-22 + inactivate cowhage spicules is an experimental combination used as a human model for non-histaminergic itch. The formulation consists of the endogenous peptide BAM8-22 (bovine adrenal medulla 8–22), a proteolytically cleaved product of proenkephalin A, which is a potent agonist of Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptors (Mrgprs), specifically MrgprC11 and hMrgprX1. In this model, heat-inactivated (autoclaved) cowhage spicules are soaked or coated with a solution of BAM8-22 and then applied to the skin. This method efficiently induces itch without pain or changes in superficial blood perfusion or mechanical/thermal sensitivities. The approach is used to study histamine-independent itch pathways relevant to chronic pruritus conditions that do not respond to antihistamines[1][3][5][7].
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