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bcg vaccine (Statens Bakteriologiska Laboratorium)
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- Valneva
- Modality
- Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Administration
- Intradermal, Intravesical
01
Overview
BCG-Sweden is a specific live-attenuated strain of *Mycobacterium bovis* used as a vaccine for the prevention of tuberculosis and as an intravesical immunotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. It belongs to the "late" genetic cluster of BCG strains, characterized by specific genomic differences such as the DU2 duplication. Like other BCG strains, BCG-Sweden confers protection not only against tuberculosis but also persistent nonspecific protection against diverse diseases through a mechanism known as "trained immunity." This process involves the epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells, specifically mediated by the Akt-mTOR-HIF1α signaling axis and NOD-like receptor signaling. Research indicates that BCG-Sweden's ability to induce trained immunity is correlated with linoleic acid metabolism, which may act as an adjuvant to enhance these nonspecific protective effects.
- Other names
- BCG-SwedenBCG Swedish strainBCG Gothenburg strainBCG GothenburgBacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine
02
Targets
TLR2 (Toll-like Receptor 2)HIF1A (Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha)AKT1 (Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Akt1)TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4)mTOR (Mammalian target of rapamycin kinase)NOD2 (Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2)
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