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Beclin 1 siRNA (also known as siBeclin1) is a small interfering RNA (siRNA) research compound designed to silence the expression of the BECN1 gene, which encodes Beclin-1, a key protein in the regulation of the autophagy pathway. By utilizing RNA interference (RNAi) to knock down Beclin-1, this compound inhibits autophagy, a cellular survival mechanism often exploited by cancer cells to resist chemotherapy. Consequently, Beclin 1 siRNA has been investigated as a sensitizing agent to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs (such as doxorubicin and fingolimod) in various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma and drug-resistant bladder cancer. Additionally, research has explored its potential to attenuate HIV-1 replication and viral-induced neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. Various delivery systems, including calcium phosphate nanoparticles, polyethylenimine (PEI), and electromagnetic nanoparticles (MENPs), have been studied to facilitate its intracellular delivery and cross the blood-brain barrier. It remains a preclinical research reagent with no clinical development or regulatory approvals.
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