beetroot

Beetroot is the root portion of the plant Beta vulgaris and is widely consumed as a food and dietary supplement. It is rich in inorganic nitrates and betalain pigments. The primary mechanism of action involves its high nitrate content, which increases nitric oxide availability in the body. Nitric oxide acts as a vasodilator—relaxing blood vessels and improving blood flow—which may help lower blood pressure and enhance exercise performance[1][2][4][6]. Beetroot also contains antioxidants such as betalains, polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins (notably folate), and minerals. These compounds contribute to its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects[2][3][4]. Beetroot has been studied for possible benefits in cardiovascular health (notably hypertension), athletic performance enhancement via improved oxygen delivery to muscles[6][7], liver support (including fatty liver disease)[5], cognitive function[2], reduction of oxidative stress[3], gut health improvement[3], cancer prevention (mainly through antioxidant activity)[1][4], and supportive therapy during chemotherapy due to potential chemoprotective properties[4]. However, most clinical evidence remains limited or preliminary.

Other names

beetBeta vulgarisred beetgarden beettable beetsugar beetSwiss chard (closely related)Beta vulgaris rubra