bergenin

Bergenin is a naturally occurring C-glycoside of 4-O-methyl gallic acid, classified as a trihydroxybenzoic acid glycoside. It is found in several plant species, including *Bergenia ciliata*, *Bergenia ligulata*, and others. Traditionally used in Ayurvedic, Chinese, and Unani medicine systems, bergenin exhibits a wide range of biological activities. Its mechanisms include potent immunomodulatory effects and antioxidant activity through free radical scavenging. Pharmacologically, it demonstrates anti-inflammatory (via cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and modulation of Th1/Th2 cytokine production), hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, antidiabetic (including pancreatic β-cell regeneration), antilithiatic (anti-kidney stone), antifungal (broad-spectrum against filamentous fungi and yeast), antiviral (notably anti-HIV), antimalarial (Plasmodium falciparum inhibition in vitro/in vivo), antimicrobial (excluding bacteria), antinociceptive, and anti-lipid peroxidation properties[1][3][5]. Structure–activity studies also suggest inhibitory action on β-secretase (BACE1)[3].

Other names

cuscutinardisic acid BYanbaicaisuBergeninum