Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase

Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) is an enzyme primarily expressed in hepatocytes that plays a critical role in the methionine cycle and one-carbon metabolism. It catalyzes the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, utilizing betaine as a methyl donor. Research indicates its involvement in various physiological and pathological processes, including choline metabolism, liver injury, cancer progression, and immune responses. BHMT has been identified as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker in conditions such as hepatocellular carcinoma, acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure, and chronic endometritis. Its activity and genetic variations are linked to individual metabolic responses and disease susceptibility.