bismuth citrate

Bismuth citrate is a small molecule bismuth-based compound utilized primarily as a component of bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (BQT) for the eradication of *Helicobacter pylori* infection. In a multicenter cluster-randomized controlled trial led by **Fudan University**, bismuth citrate is being evaluated for its role in preventing gastric cancer by eliminating high-risk *H. pylori* subtypes in high-risk populations. Bismuth compounds exert antibacterial effects through multiple mechanisms, including the inhibition of bacterial enzymes (such as urease), cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, and ATP production. It is typically administered alongside a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and two antibiotics, such as tetracycline and metronidazole. Bismuth citrate is particularly valued in *H. pylori* eradication regimens because the bacteria do not typically develop resistance to bismuth, making it a critical component in salvage therapies and regions with high antibiotic resistance.

Other names

citric acid bismuth saltbismuth(III) citrate