bromovulone III

Bromovulone III is a marine prostanoid isolated from the soft coral *Clavularia viridis*. It exhibits potent anti-tumor activity against various malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), prostate cancer, and acute promyelocytic leukemia. The compound induces apoptotic cell death through a dual mechanism involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In hepatocellular carcinoma cells (such as Hep3B), bromovulone III primarily triggers the activation of m-calpain, caspase-12, and the transcription factor CHOP/GADD153, leading to ER stress-mediated apoptosis. In other tumor types like PC-3 and HL-60, it primarily activates the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway involving caspase-9 and caspase-3. The crosstalk between ER stress and mitochondrial depolarization further enhances its cytotoxic effects.

Other names

bromovulone III