brugmansia arborea extract

**Brugmansia arborea extract** is a botanical preparation derived from Brugmansia arborea, a solanaceous shrub native to South America. The extract, most commonly obtained using methanol, contains high concentrations of tropane alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscine (scopolamine), hyoscyamine, and apoatropine[1][3]. These alkaloids are responsible for the extract’s pronounced anticholinergic effects on both the central and peripheral nervous systems[3]. Recent studies in animal models have demonstrated that the extract modulates the dopaminergic (D1, D2 receptors) and cholinergic (muscarinic acetylcholine receptors) systems, which are relevant to drug addiction pathways. Notably, the extract reduces the expression of morphine tolerance and both the development and expression of morphine dependence, possibly acting via antagonism of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and dopamine receptors, as well as other CNS pathways[1][2][3]. The extract has also demonstrated the ability to block the reinforcing and motor effects of morphine and cocaine in preclinical models[2]. Phytochemical studies confirm the presence of the tropane alkaloids, which are known for their strong deliriant and neurotoxic effects at higher doses and are responsible for the well-recognized anticholinergic toxidrome seen in cases of poisoning[3][6]. The extract is traditionally used in shamanic rituals and for treating rheumatic pain. There is no approved pharmaceutical use, and recreational or unregulated use carries significant health risks due to its psychoactive and toxic properties[1][4][5][6].

Other names

brugmansia arborea methanol extractangel's trumpet extractBRUbrugmansia arborea L. extract