bupivacaine + epinephrine + clonidine

A combination of three drugs used for regional anesthesia and pain management. Bupivacaine is an amide local anesthetic that blocks nerve impulse generation and conduction by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels. Epinephrine is added to reduce systemic absorption of bupivacaine, thereby prolonging its local effect and reducing the risk of toxicity. Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, enhances and prolongs the analgesic effects of bupivacaine. This combination is commonly used in epidural anesthesia, nerve blocks, and periarticular injections for postoperative pain management.

Other names

0.25% bupivacaine with 1:400,000 epinephrine and 1:600,000 clonidine