C105

C105 is an orally bioavailable small molecule that acts as a selective antagonist of the sigma-2 (σ2) receptor complex. Developed by Cognition Pharmaceuticals, LLC, it is currently being investigated in Phase 2 clinical trials for the treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), including relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive forms. The drug's mechanism of action involves binding to the sigma-2 receptor complex (which includes TMEM97 and PGRMC1) on neuronal synapses to prevent the binding of neurotoxic protein aggregates, such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) oligomers. By blocking these toxic interactions, C105 aims to protect synaptic integrity and restore neuronal signaling, thereby addressing the cognitive deficits frequently observed in MS patients.