caerin 1.9

Caerin 1.9 (also known as F3) is a host-defense peptide originally isolated from the skin secretions of Australian tree frogs of the genus *Litoria*. Developed by Zhongao Biomedical Technology, it is being investigated for its dual role in cancer treatment: direct induction of cancer cell death and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. The peptide induces pyroptosis in epithelial cancer cells by upregulating markers such as caspase-3 and Gasdermin E (GSDME). Additionally, it enhances anti-tumor immunity by promoting M1 macrophage polarization, increasing IFN-α secretion, and activating the IFN-α/STAT1 signaling pathway. It also interacts with the IL-10R1 signaling pathway to overcome immune suppression. Preclinical studies have demonstrated efficacy in various models, including cervical cancer, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and breast cancer.

Other names

caerin 1.9 peptidecaerin1.9 peptidecaerin-1.9 peptidefrog skin-derived caerin peptide