caffeic acid + spermine

Caffeic acid + spermine refers to a water-soluble complex formed by the acid-base interaction between caffeic acid, a naturally occurring plant-derived polyphenol, and spermine, a biogenic polyamine found in eukaryotic cells. This combination has been studied for its enhanced biological activities compared to caffeic acid alone. The complex demonstrates improved antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties at concentrations compatible with normal cell lines. The formation of this complex increases the solubility of caffeic acid and leverages the bioactive roles of both components—caffeic acid as an antioxidant and free radical scavenger, and spermine as a stabilizer of nucleic acids and intracellular free radical scavenger[1][7][8].