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CAPNS1 siRNA is a research-stage small interfering RNA (siRNA) compound designed to silence the *CAPNS1* gene, which encodes Calpain Small Subunit 1 (also known as CPNS1). CPNS1 is the regulatory small subunit shared by calpain-1 and calpain-2, which are calcium-dependent cysteine proteases involved in various cellular processes including apoptosis, cell migration, and protein degradation. In preclinical research, CAPNS1 siRNA is used as a molecular biology tool to knock down CAPNS1 expression in cancer cell lines, such as gastric and prostate cancer models, to study its role in chemotherapy resistance and genome integrity. While patents (e.g., WO2009090639) describe its potential therapeutic application in neurodegenerative and oncological disorders, it is currently primarily available as a research-use-only reagent from various suppliers and has not entered formal clinical development under a specific sponsor.
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