capreomycin

Capreomycin is a polypeptide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces capreolus, used as a second-line agent in combination with other drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis, particularly multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) when first-line agents have failed or are not tolerated[1][2][3][4][7]. It is administered parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously), as it is not absorbed significantly from the gastrointestinal tract[4]. Capreomycin acts primarily by inhibiting protein synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its mechanism involves binding to the bacterial ribosome—specifically interacting with both 30S and 50S subunits—and disrupting ribosomal function, including interfering with L12-L10 protein interactions and preventing proper tRNA translocation during translation[3][6]. This leads to production of abnormal proteins and ultimately bacterial cell death. The drug has significant nephrotoxic and ototoxic potential, requiring careful monitoring during use[2][5].

Brand names

Capastat Sulfate

Other names

capreomycin