cardamonin

**Cardamonin** is a naturally occurring chalcone, chemically (E)-2′,4′-dihydroxy-6′-methoxy-chalcone (C16H14O4), predominantly isolated from Alpinia species such as Alpinia katsumadai and Alpinia conchigera[1][2][4][6]. It is characterized by anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-platelet activities, and acts primarily by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, modulating apoptosis through upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, caspase-3) and downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2)[1][3]. Cardamonin suppresses the NF-κB pathway by inhibiting IκBα degradation and phosphorylation and interfering with nuclear translocation of NF-κB[2][5]. It also affects the Wnt/β-catenin signaling via proteasome-mediated degradation of β-catenin, inhibits cyclin and CDK molecules, induces cell cycle arrest, and mitigates lipogenesis by inhibiting fatty acid synthase (FASN) and reducing CPT-1 activity[1][3]. Research has utilized cardamonin in preclinical models for various cancers (breast, cervical, gastric, colon, lung, ovarian, leukemia, melanoma, multiple myeloma), inflammatory disorders, and sepsis, though it is not an approved pharmaceutical[1][3][5].

Other names

(E)-2′,4′-dihydroxy-6′-methoxy-chalconeAlpinetin chalcone(2E)-1-(2,4-Dihydroxy-6-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-oneCardamoninCardamominCardamomin-RMCARDAMONIN(RG)(E)-Cardamonin(E)-Cardamomin