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Caspase-3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a synthetic RNA molecule designed to silence the caspase-3 gene through RNA interference (RNAi), thereby inhibiting the production of the caspase-3 protein, a key mediator of apoptosis and inflammation[1][2]. By reducing caspase-3 expression, this approach aims to protect tissues from ischemia-reperfusion injury and apoptotic cell death. In preclinical studies, serum-stabilized caspase-3 siRNA delivered both locally (into the renal artery during cold storage) and systemically (intravenously) significantly reduced caspase-3 mRNA and protein levels, decreased apoptosis and inflammation, and improved renal function in a porcine kidney autotransplantation model[1]. The drug’s effect was associated with reduced HMGB1 release and favorable modulation of inflammatory cytokines. No off-target effects or significant toxicity were reported in these animal studies. Development is primarily at the preclinical stage, with no approved therapies for human use as of current knowledge.
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