cGAMP-LNP

cGAMP-LNP refers to lipid nanoparticles encapsulating 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (2'3'-cGAMP), a potent endogenous agonist of the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) receptor. The lipid nanoparticle formulation is designed to efficiently deliver cGAMP into the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells or tumor cells, overcoming cGAMP’s poor membrane permeability and instability. Upon cytosolic delivery, cGAMP binds and activates STING, which triggers IRF3 signaling and production of type I interferons and related cytokines, modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. This activation inflames immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, induces dendritic cell maturation, enhances germinal center and plasma B cell responses, and demonstrates anti-tumor efficacy in animal models, such as pancreatic cancer. cGAMP-LNP is also being explored as an adjuvant in mRNA vaccines to amplify immune responses[1][3][5]. The LNPs use ionizable lipids for endosomal escape and cytosolic delivery and have shown favourable safety and biodistribution in preclinical studies.

Other names

cGAMP LNP2'3'-cGAMP lipid nanoparticle