cgm-csf-e7 dna vaccine

A **DNA vaccine** designed by fusing codon-optimized granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with the E7 antigen from human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16). This fusion aims to enhance immunogenicity against HPV16, a key oncogenic factor in cervical cancer. The GM-CSF domain acts as an immunomodulatory cytokine, improving both humoral and cellular immune responses by promoting antigen-presenting cell function and T-cell activation. In preclinical models, vaccination with cgm-csf-e7 dna vaccine resulted in increased generation of HPV16 E7-specific CD8+ T cells, elevated interferon gamma (IFN-γ) secretion, and slowed tumor growth compared to unfused E7 DNA vaccine, indicating potential anticancer efficacy through stimulation of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells[1][3][6].