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Chitosan-encapsulated gloriosa superba seed nanoparticles (CEGSSNs) are a nano-formulation developed for the treatment of cervical cancer. This drug candidate consists of bioactive extracts from the seeds of the medicinal plant *Gloriosa superba* encapsulated within a chitosan biopolymer matrix. The formulation is designed to enhance the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of the plant's natural anticancer compounds. Preclinical studies in HeLa cell lines demonstrate that CEGSSNs exert their anticancer effects by downregulating the expression of Spindle and kinetochore-associated complex subunit 3 (SKA3), which subsequently inactivates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. This molecular inhibition leads to suppressed cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis. In vivo acute toxicity assessments in Wistar rats have indicated that the nanoparticles are well-tolerated, showing no significant adverse effects on hematological or biochemical parameters.
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