chlorella-glycol chitosan iron oxide nanoparticles

**Chlorella-glycol chitosan iron oxide nanoparticles** are an experimental, preclinical composite nanotherapeutic system also termed CHL-GCS-IO NPs. The construct consists of electromagnetic-responsive iron oxide nanoparticles encapsulated in a glycol chitosan matrix and coated onto photosynthetic Chlorella. Under light irradiation, the Chlorella component generates oxygen to relieve tumor hypoxia, while the iron oxide component enables magnetic localization and electromagnetic photothermal hyperthermia; iron-associated oxidative stress contributes to ferroptotic tumor-cell death. In bladder cancer models, the platform was reported to suppress tumor growth, reduce recurrence, and remodel the tumor immune microenvironment through increased M1-like macrophage polarization, cytotoxic T-cell and natural-killer-cell activity, dendritic-cell antigen presentation, and reduced PD-L1 expression. ([link.springer.com](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12951-025-03488-7))

Other names

CHL-GCS-IO NPsChlorella-glycol chitosan-iron oxide nanoparticles