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Choline theophyllinate (also known as oxtriphylline) is a bronchodilator and expectorant used primarily in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is a salt formed from choline and theophylline. After ingestion, it releases theophylline, which acts by relaxing smooth muscle in bronchial airways and pulmonary blood vessels. The mechanism involves competitive inhibition of type III and IV phosphodiesterase (PDE), leading to increased intracellular cyclic AMP levels that result in bronchodilation. Additionally, it blocks adenosine A2B receptor to prevent adenosine-mediated bronchoconstriction and may activate histone deacetylase to suppress inflammatory gene transcription. Choline theophyllinate is available under several brand names including Choledyl and Theocolin[1][3][4][5].
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