chondroitin sulfate disaccharide

Chondroitin sulfate disaccharide is a low-molecular-weight carbohydrate derivative of chondroitin sulfate, currently being investigated for its immunomodulatory properties in the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Its mechanism of action involves the induction of specific microRNAs, notably miR-29b and miR-199b, which subsequently down-regulate the expression of the cell-surface glycoprotein CD44 on lymphocytes. This down-regulation inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and migration into the central nervous system. Additionally, the disaccharide modulates cytokine profiles, typically reducing pro-inflammatory IL-17 and enhancing anti-inflammatory IL-4 levels, thereby suppressing the development and progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis.

Other names

chondroitin disaccharide