cis-guggulsterone

cis-Guggulsterone (also known as Z-guggulsterone) is a naturally occurring plant sterol and bioactive phytosteroid isolated from the gum resin of the guggul tree (*Commiphora wightii* or *Commiphora mukul*). It is a stereoisomer of guggulsterone, with the other being trans-guggulsterone (E-guggulsterone). cis-Guggulsterone is a highly promiscuous steroid receptor ligand and nuclear receptor modulator. It acts as an antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and androgen receptor (AR), while acting as an agonist of the pregnane X receptor (PXR), progesterone receptor (PR), and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Additionally, cis-guggulsterone has been shown to inhibit the IκB kinase (IKK)/NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and suppression of tumor cell invasion and metastasis, particularly in breast cancer models. It has been investigated for its potential therapeutic benefits in hyperlipidemia, obesity, inflammation, and various cancers.

Other names

(17Z)-pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione(Z)-guggulsteroneZ-guggulsterone