cladribine

Cladribine is a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue used primarily for the treatment of hairy cell leukemia, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and highly active forms of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. It mimics deoxyadenosine but is resistant to degradation by adenosine deaminase, leading to its accumulation in lymphocytes. Once inside susceptible cells (notably T and B lymphocytes), it is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase into its active triphosphate form, which incorporates into DNA and disrupts DNA synthesis and repair, ultimately triggering apoptosis. This selective cytotoxicity results from higher ratios of activating to inactivating enzymes in lymphocytes compared to other cell types[1][4][7]. Cladribine can be administered orally or intravenously.

Brand names

MavencladLeustatin

Other names

克拉屈滨2-chlorodeoxyadenosine