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CLDN18.2-BBZ is an experimental second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy designed to target Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2), a tight junction protein frequently overexpressed in gastric and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The CAR construct consists of an anti-CLDN18.2 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) linked to a 4-1BB (CD137) costimulatory domain and a CD3ζ signaling domain (collectively referred to as "BBZ"). In preclinical studies conducted by OriCell Therapeutics, CLDN18.2-BBZ demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity but was associated with significant on-target/off-tumor toxicity, specifically gastrorrhagia (stomach bleeding), due to the expression of CLDN18.2 in normal gastric mucosa. These safety concerns led to the development of more sophisticated multi-antigen targeting strategies, such as the dual-target "AND" logic-gated CAR-T OriC613.
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