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clomiphene citrate + pioglitazone + metformin
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral
01
Overview
A combination therapy consisting of clomiphene citrate, pioglitazone, and metformin used for treating infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), particularly those who are resistant to clomiphene citrate alone. Each component has a different mechanism of action: 1. **Clomiphene citrate**: stimulates ovulation by acting as a selective estrogen receptor modulator. 2. **Pioglitazone**: improves insulin sensitivity by acting as a thiazolidinedione (PPAR-γ agonist). 3. **Metformin**: reduces insulin resistance by acting as a biguanide (AMPK activator).
02
Targets
AMPK (Adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase)PPARG (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma)ESR1 (ERα)ND1 (Mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I)ESR2 (ERβ)
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