closantel sodium dihydrate

Closantel sodium dihydrate is a synthetic, halogenated salicylanilide small molecule anthelmintic widely used in veterinary medicine to treat and control parasitic infections in livestock, particularly sheep and cattle. It is highly effective against liver flukes (*Fasciola hepatica* and *Fasciola gigantica*), blood-sucking gastrointestinal nematodes (*Haemonchus contortus*), and certain larval arthropods (such as *Oestrus ovis* and *Hypoderma* species). The drug primarily acts as a proton ionophore, uncoupling mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the parasite, which disrupts ATP synthesis and leads to metabolic depletion and death. It also suppresses the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase, and has been shown to inhibit chitinase in filarial nematodes. Originally discovered and developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica in the 1970s, closantel sodium dihydrate is administered orally, subcutaneously, or topically.

Brand names

ClosandotClosavirClosecoCuratremExinotFlukiverSeponverSolantelSuflanTriclozVirclosZycloz

Other names

closantelclosantel sodiumclosantel sodium saltclosantelumclosantelum natricum dihydricum