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commiphora mukul
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral, Topical
01
Overview
Commiphora mukul, commonly known as Guggul or Guggulu, is a medicinal plant native to India and surrounding regions, primarily valued for the oleo-gum resin (guggulipid) extracted from its stem. Its primary bioactive constituents are guggulsterones (E- and Z-isomers), which act as potent antagonists of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor central to cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis. Beyond its classical use in treating hyperlipidemia and obesity, Commiphora mukul exhibits multi-targeted pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory activity via NF-κB inhibition, antioxidant effects through Nrf2/HO-1 induction, and potential anticancer properties by modulating lipid signaling (ACLY, ACC) and suppressing glycolysis (GLUT1). It is widely utilized in Ayurvedic and Unani medicine and has been investigated in clinical trials for conditions ranging from cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome to chronic hepatitis C and hypothyroidism.
- Brand names
- Guggulipid
- Other names
- GugguluGuggulMukul myrrh treeIndian bdellium-treeCommiphora wightii
02
Targets
FXR (Farnesoid x-activated receptor)
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