conoidin A

Conoidin A is a cell-permeable, small-molecule covalent inhibitor of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins, originally identified as an inhibitor of host cell invasion by the parasite *Toxoplasma gondii*. It acts by covalently binding to the catalytic (peroxidatic) cysteine residues of peroxiredoxins, including mammalian peroxiredoxin-1 (PRDX1), peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2), and peroxiredoxin-4 (PRDX4), as well as parasitic isoforms. By inhibiting these antioxidant enzymes, conoidin A disrupts cellular redox homeostasis, leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent cell death. It is widely used as a research tool to study peroxiredoxin biology, redox signaling, and the role of oxidative stress in various cellular processes, including cancer cell survival and parasitic infections.

Other names

2,3-bis(bromomethyl)-1,4-dioxide-quinoxaline2,3-bis(bromomethyl)quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide