convallatoxin

Convallatoxin is a natural cardiac glycoside and small molecule primarily extracted from *Convallaria majalis* (lily of the valley) and *Antiaris toxicaria*. It acts as a potent inhibitor of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump, which leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and a positive inotropic effect on the heart. Historically used in traditional medicine for heart failure and arrhythmias, it is currently utilized primarily as a research tool. Recent studies have explored its potential in oncology (inducing apoptosis and autophagy), inflammatory diseases (colitis), and atherosclerosis (via PPARγ signaling). It is not currently an FDA-approved therapeutic and is not associated with a specific commercial drug development program.

Other names

strophanthidin 3-rhamnosidestrophanthidin3-rhamnosidestrophanthidin-3-rhamnoside