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CTLA4 gene-edited T cells is an autologous, ex vivo gene-edited T-cell therapy being developed by University College London (UCL) in collaboration with Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) and NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), with funding from LifeArc. The therapy is designed to treat CTLA-4 insufficiency, a rare and life-threatening inborn error of immunity. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology and an adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (AAV6) donor template, the therapy precisely inserts a corrected CTLA-4 cDNA into the first intron of the endogenous CTLA-4 genomic locus in a patient's own CD4+ T cells. This homology-directed repair (HDR) approach preserves native regulatory elements, allowing for physiological, regulated expression of the CTLA-4 protein. Preclinical studies have demonstrated restoration of CTLA-4 expression and rescue of CD80 and CD86 transendocytosis, with a Phase I clinical trial planned to begin in 2028.
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