cyclophosphamide + cyclosporine a

Cyclophosphamide + cyclosporine a is a combination of two immunosuppressive drugs used primarily in the management of severe, refractory autoimmune diseases and certain nephrotic syndromes. Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent that crosslinks DNA, leading to cell death, particularly in rapidly dividing immune cells. Cyclosporine A is a calcineurin inhibitor that suppresses T-cell activation by inhibiting interleukin-2 production. This combination has been studied for use in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), acute/subacute interstitial pneumonia associated with dermatomyositis/polymyositis, and other severe autoimmune or inflammatory conditions where monotherapy has failed[1][2][5]. The regimen aims to achieve greater immunosuppression than either drug alone but carries increased risk of infection and toxicity.