cyclophosphamide + doxorubicin + vincristine + prednisone

CHOP is a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of four drugs: cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone. Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent that interferes with DNA replication in rapidly dividing cells. Doxorubicin is an anti-tumor antibiotic that intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, leading to DNA damage and cell death. Vincristine is a plant alkaloid that disrupts microtubule formation during cell division. Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid steroid that induces apoptosis in certain cancer cells and has anti-inflammatory effects. CHOP is primarily used as first-line treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and other lymphoid malignancies[1][2][3][4]. The regimen works by targeting multiple pathways essential for cancer cell survival and proliferation.