cyclophosphamide + melphalan + methotrexate

This is a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of three antineoplastic agents: cyclophosphamide (an alkylating agent), melphalan (another alkylating agent), and methotrexate (an antimetabolite). This combination has been studied and used in the treatment of various cancers, including advanced breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN)[1][3][6][8]. Each drug in this combination works through different mechanisms: - Cyclophosphamide is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent that stops cancer cells from reproducing by interfering with DNA replication[4][5][9] - Melphalan is also an alkylating agent that works by damaging DNA and preventing cancer cell division[3] - Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that stops cells from making and repairing DNA, causing cell death during division[4] This combination may be administered intravenously according to specific dosing schedules, with treatment cycles typically repeated multiple times over several months[4][5].