cyclosporine microemulsion

Cyclosporine microemulsion is an oral formulation of the immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine that forms a microemulsion in aqueous environments for improved and more consistent absorption compared to earlier formulations[1][2]. It is primarily used to prevent organ transplant rejection and treat autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis[4]. Cyclosporine acts as a calcineurin inhibitor, binding to cyclophilin in T cells to form a complex that inhibits calcineurin. This inhibition prevents activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT), reducing transcription of cytokines like IL-2 necessary for T cell activation and proliferation[3][6][10]. The drug was originally developed by Sandoz (now Novartis) and is available under several brand names including Neoral and Gengraf[3].

Brand names

NeoralGengraf

Other names

cyclosporine modifiedcyclosporin microemulsioncyclosporin modified