cytarabine + daunorubicin liposome

CPX-351 (Vyxeos) is a liposomal nanoparticle formulation that co-encapsulates two conventional chemotherapy agents, cytarabine and daunorubicin, in a fixed 5:1 molar ratio. This specific ratio has been shown in preclinical models to be synergistic in killing leukemia cells. The liposomal delivery system is designed to prolong the half-life of the drugs in the plasma and preferentially accumulate in the bone marrow, where it is taken up by leukemia cells. Once internalized, the liposomes release the drugs, which then exert their cytotoxic effects: cytarabine inhibits DNA polymerase and DNA synthesis, while daunorubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II. CPX-351 is primarily indicated for the treatment of adults with newly-diagnosed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC). It was originally developed by Celator Pharmaceuticals, which was subsequently acquired by Jazz Pharmaceuticals.

Brand names

Vyxeos

Other names

Vyxeos LiposomalLiposomal cytarabine-daunorubicinLiposomal daunorubicin-cytarabine