D-Ala2GIP

D-Ala2GIP is a synthetic analog of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), an incretin hormone. It is modified by substituting a D-alanine at position 2, which confers resistance to degradation by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). This modification allows for prolonged biological activity compared to native GIP. D-Ala2GIP acts as a potent agonist of the GIP receptor and has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and enhance insulin secretion in animal models of obesity and diabetes. Additionally, it exhibits neuroprotective effects in models of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, where it improves cognitive function, synaptic plasticity, reduces amyloid plaque load, and suppresses inflammation-induced bone resorption[1][3][4][5]. Its mechanism involves activation of the G protein-coupled GIP receptor leading to increased cAMP production; it also modulates inflammatory pathways including suppression of TNF-α and RANKL expression[1][3][4].

Other names

D-Ala 2-GIPD-Ala2-GIPD-Ala-2-GIP[D-Ala 2]-GIP (human)dAla(2)GIP