d-cycloserine

d-Cycloserine is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and a structural analogue of the amino acid D-alanine. It is primarily used as a second-line agent in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), often in combination with other antitubercular drugs. Its antibacterial activity results from inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis by competitively inhibiting two key enzymes involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis—L-alanine racemase and D-alanyl-D-alanine synthetase—thereby preventing formation and cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains essential for bacterial cell wall integrity[1][5][6]. In addition to its antimicrobial use, d-cycloserine has been investigated as an adjunctive therapy for certain psychiatric conditions due to its partial agonist activity at the NMDA receptor glycine site, which may enhance neural plasticity[5][6]. It is administered orally and rapidly absorbed. Common side effects include neuropsychiatric symptoms such as dizziness, headache, mood changes, seizures, and allergic reactions; it should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment or pre-existing neurological disorders[9][10].

Brand names

Seromycin

Other names

右旋环丝氨酸D-环丝氨酸cycloserineD-4-amino-3-isoxazolidinoneD4-amino-3-isoxazolidinoneD 4-amino-3-isoxazolidinone