daunorubicin

Daunorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic and antineoplastic agent used primarily in the treatment of certain leukemias, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is also sometimes used for other cancers such as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma. Daunorubicin works by intercalating into DNA and inhibiting the enzyme topoisomerase II, thereby blocking DNA replication and transcription in rapidly dividing cancer cells. The drug is administered intravenously as a red-colored solution or powder reconstituted for injection. Major side effects include bone marrow suppression, cardiotoxicity (which can be delayed), mucositis, nausea/vomiting, alopecia, and red discoloration of urine[1][3][4][5][7]. Daunorubicin was originally isolated from Streptomyces bacteria[3], approved in the US since 1979[3], and is listed on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines.

Brand names

Cerubidine

Other names

柔红霉素道诺霉素Rubidomycin正定霉素