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DBD-XL is a recombinant fusion protein designed for cancer therapy, consisting of the DNA binding domain (DBD) of the p53 tumor suppressor protein fused to the mitochondrial targeting signal (MTS) of Bcl-XL. Developed by researchers at the University of Utah, the construct is engineered to localize specifically to the mitochondria, where it interacts with anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL. This interaction disrupts the inhibitory complexes formed between Bcl-XL and pro-apoptotic proteins Bak and Bax, thereby promoting their homo-oligomerization and triggering the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. DBD-XL has demonstrated potent apoptotic activity in various cancer models, including breast cancer, cervical carcinoma, and leukemia cell lines, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent that bypasses the nuclear transcriptional requirements of full-length p53.
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