dextran-70

Dextran-70 is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide used as a plasma volume expander. It is administered intravenously to treat or prevent hypovolemia (decreased blood plasma volume) resulting from trauma, surgery, burns, or other causes of significant blood loss when blood transfusions are not immediately available. It works by drawing fluid from the extravascular space into the bloodstream through oncotic pressure but does not carry oxygen itself. Mechanistically, it may enhance endogenous fibrinolysis by blocking tissue plasminogen activator uptake via mannose-binding receptors and can reduce platelet adhesiveness and emboli formation while causing hemodilution[1][4][5]. Common side effects include vomiting, fever, joint pain; more serious risks include allergic reactions and impaired coagulation[1][7]. It was first approved for medical use in 1947 and is included on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines[1].

Brand names

RescueFlowHyskonMacrodexGentran 70Gentran70Gentran-70Dextran-HMDextran 70 6% in 0.9% Sodium ChlorideDextran 70 6% in 5% Dextrose

Other names

dextran high molecular weight