dh404

dh404 is a synthetic oleanane triterpenoid and a potent small molecule activator of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). It was initially developed by the University of South Carolina and further studied by Reata Pharmaceuticals. dh404 acts as an Nrf2 stimulant, enhancing antioxidant defenses and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. It has been shown to restore endothelial function in models of chronic kidney disease, attenuate diabetic nephropathy, reduce vascular injury in heart disease models, and protect against retinal vasculopathy by boosting antioxidant capacity in glial cells. Its mechanism involves upregulation of Nrf2-responsive genes (such as heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutathione-S transferase) and inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators including NF-κB. Preclinical studies indicate potential for use in chronic kidney diseases, diabetic nephropathies, heart diseases, and ischemic retinopathies[1][3][4].

Other names

RTA-dh404RTA-dh-404RTA-dh 404CDDO-dhTFEA