dialyzable transfer factor

**Dialyzable transfer factor** (DTF) is a biologic product derived from human or animal leukocytes (white blood cells) via dialysis techniques that isolate low molecular weight molecules, typically under 5,000 Daltons[1][4][5]. These molecules, sometimes called transfer factors, were discovered by Henry Sherwood Lawrence in 1954 and are primarily composed of small peptides[1][4][5]. DTF is claimed to transfer antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity from immunized donors to recipients, essentially acting as an immune modulator rather than providing passive antibody-mediated immunity[1][4][5]. Its mechanism involves the induction and regulation of T cell-mediated immune responses, stimulating lymphokine production (including interferon-gamma, TNF-α, and IL-2), and modulating cytokine balance (e.g., upregulating Th1 cytokines while downregulating Th2 cytokines like IL-4)[1][2]. DTF is not species-specific and may induce rapid immune responses in recipients[1][4]. Its clinical use has been investigated for a wide range of immune-related diseases, including infections, allergies, autoimmune diseases, and certain cancers, but robust evidence and standardization are lacking[1][2][3][4][5]. The precise molecular identity, dosage, and pharmacokinetics of DTF remain undefined, and research into its efficacy is inconsistent and largely composed of small trials or case reports[1][2][4][5].

Other names

dialyzable leukocyte extractDLEtransfer factorLawrence transfer factor