diclofenac + dimethyl sulfoxide

This drug is a topical formulation consisting of 1.5% diclofenac sodium in a vehicle containing 45.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), specifically studied in a Pluronic Lecithin Organogel (PLO) base. Developed by the University of Alberta Graduate Orthodontic Program, it is investigated for the symptomatic relief of pain and improvement of physical function in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis. Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that acts as a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), enzymes responsible for the synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. The inclusion of DMSO serves as a potent chemical penetration enhancer, facilitating the transdermal delivery of diclofenac directly to the affected joint tissues, thereby achieving high local concentrations while minimizing systemic exposure and associated side effects.

Brand names

Pennsaid

Other names

topical diclofenac PLO gel1.5% diclofenac in 45.5% DMSOdiclofenac sodium + DMSO