dolutegravir + rifapentine + isoniazid

This drug entry refers to the combination of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy with a short-course regimen of rifapentine and isoniazid (known as 1HP) for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in people living with HIV. This combination is the subject of Phase 2 clinical trials sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) to evaluate potential drug-drug interactions. Dolutegravir is a second-generation HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) that prevents the integration of viral DNA into the host cell genome. Rifapentine is a rifamycin derivative that inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, while isoniazid is a prodrug that, once activated, inhibits enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (InhA), thereby blocking the synthesis of mycolic acids required for the mycobacterial cell wall. The primary clinical concern addressed in these studies is whether the induction of metabolic enzymes by rifapentine significantly reduces dolutegravir plasma concentrations, potentially compromising HIV viral suppression.

Other names

1HP regimen + dolutegravirDTG + RPT + INHantiretroviral therapy-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)-HIV infection